In PV applications, under mismatching conditions, it is necessary to adopt a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique\nwhich is able to regulate not only the voltages of the PV modules of the array but also the DC input voltage of the inverter. Such\na technique can be considered a hybrid MPPT (HMPPT) technique since it is neither only distributed on the PV modules of the\nPV array or only centralized at the input of the inverter. In this paper a new HMPPT technique is presented and discussed. Its\nmain advantages are the high MPPT efficiency and the high speed of tracking which are obtained by means of a fast estimate of\nthe optimal values of PV modules voltages and of the input inverter voltage.The new HMPPT technique is compared with simple\nHMPPT techniques based on the scan of the power versus voltage inverter input characteristic. The theoretical analysis and the\nresults of numerical simulations are widely discussed. Moreover, a laboratory test system, equipped with PV emulators, has been\nrealized and used in order to experimentally validate the proposed technique.
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